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Record Decline in U.S. Cancer Death Rates

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According to a report by the American Cancer Society, data from 2017-2018 shows a record decline in U.S. cancer death rates – a drop of 2.4%. The year 2016-2017 cancer deaths dropped 2.2%. In general, the death rate has been declining since 1991 – a decline of 31% from 1991 to 2018. Death rates also decreased for prostate, colorectal and breast cancer. This is great news and positive news as we approach National Cancer Month in February. But what is the cause?

Why the decline in U.S. cancer death rates?

Since almost half of the decline is due to one form of cancer, lung cancer, we can point to a decrease in smoking over this time. While this is a large factor, there are also improvements in surgery, diagnostics, new pharmaceuticals, and more targeted radiation that have contributed to the decline. These factors, as well as immunotherapies, have helped decrease the other cancers as well. For those who suffer from lung cancer, including those who suffer from asbestos-related lung cancer, this report should be encouraging.

Dr. Deborah Schrag, chief of population sciences at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute stated, “Both men and women who are diagnosed with lung cancer are surviving longer, and that’s really fantastic news.”  While acknowledging the improvement, Dr. Schrag also commented, “We have a lot of good progress. We should celebrate that, but we shouldn’t declare victory.”

Why not declare victory?

With this steady decline in U.S. cancer death rates, why not declare victory? Cancer is still the second leading cause of death behind heart disease. Cancer led to the deaths of 599,000 Americans in 2018. It is projected there will be 609,000 cancer deaths in 2021. Obviously, there is still much research ahead. However, there are also other factors that won’t be helped by scientific research and high tech treatments. To improve statistics in the following problem areas there will need to be more education, individual awareness of lifestyle and cultural challenges, medical personnel, and state and city planning.

• Though cervical cancer is virtually preventable with medical screenings and the HPV vaccine, 2018 had 4,000 women die from this cancer.

• Black patients’ survival rates are below that of white patients’ for almost all cancers.

• There are geographic differences in death rates, including: statewide detection differences, and areas with societal activities leading to smoking or obesity.

• There’s a concern that the death decline seen in colorectal and breast cancers have slowed in the past few years and progress for prostate cancer has actually stopped.

Possible effects of the coronavirus pandemic on cancer deaths

The fear, and difficulty, of going to medical facilities for routine exams or tests when unusual symptoms appear are often delayed or skipped entirely. This can lead to later diagnoses and, potentially, more deaths. The effects will probably not be known quickly. As Rebecca Siegel, senior scientific director of surveillance research at the American Cancer Society and lead author of the referenced report, said, “This will be an impact that will be felt slowly over the next decade.”

With vaccinations in process for Covid-19, cancer doctors anticipate, and hope, the pandemic will be a minor interruption in the decades- long progress made in the fight against cancer deaths.

Industry Methods of Screening Talc for Asbestos Are Lacking

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The Environmental Working Group (EWG) found by using electron microscopy, the cosmetic industry methods of screening talc for asbestos are lacking. Of the myriad cosmetics tested by the Scientific Analytical Institute (SAI), nearly 15% showed the presence of asbestos.

Methods of screening talc for asbestos are lacking

Incredibly, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) doesn’t require testing for asbestos in talc. Though it may be “only” in trace levels there is no safe level of asbestos exposure.

Sean Fitzgerald, who leads the SAI based in Greensboro, NC, said, “It is critical that the FDA develop a rigorous screening method for talc used in personal care products. The lab repeatedly finds asbestos in products made with talc, including cosmetics marketed to children. Last year several children’s cosmetic products at Claire’s and Justice were found to contain asbestos. This includes products beyond cosmetics: children’s toys, crayons, chewing gum, and feminine hygiene as a few samples. It’s outrageous that a precise method for testing personal care products for the presence of asbestos exists, but the cosmetics industry isn’t required to use it.”

Why is asbestos often found in talc?

Rather than perform rigorous testing to verify there is no asbestos, the government promotes careful selection of mines to avoid asbestos contamination.

The talc and asbestos are often mined in close proximity and for industrial, cosmetic and a wide variety of other uses. This leads to potential intertwining in veins and a high possibility of cross-contamination. 

Why is asbestos a problem?

Science confirms there is no safe level of exposure to asbestos. The fibers contained in the asbestos are released into the air when the material holding them is disturbed. Inhaling these fibers can lead to serious diseases, such as lung and ovarian cancer, asbestosis, and the deadly mesothelioma. Talc products are often distributed as loose powders, a sure way to allow inhalation to anyone using them or in the vicinity.

Approximately 15,000 Americans die each year because of exposure to asbestos according to Scott Faber, Senior Vice President of the Environmental Working Group.

What’s next?

In March of 2019, Representatives Debbie Dingell (D-MI) and Jane Schakowsky (D-IL), introduced The Children’s Product Warning Label Act. This act required products marketed to children have a warning label declaring the product was not evaluated for asbestos content. To avoid the label, the product would require a written certification from the HHS Secretary that the product is from an asbestos-free mine and include proof to the FDA that the product is asbestos-free through testing by an electron microscopy method. At this time, there has been no action on the bill.

No other bills to increase testing for asbestos in talc products are pending. 

Libby, Montana: Where Asbestos Exposure and COVID-19 Mingle

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Libby, Montana has fought lung diseases due to asbestos for over a century; but now the effects of asbestos exposure and COVID-19 are giving residents of Libby a new worry.

History of Libby asbestos exposure

This combination of silent killers increases the medical fears that have long plagued the area. For generations, Libby, Montana has fought serious lung diseases due to large exposures to asbestos posed by asbestos contaminated vermiculite mined from nearby Zonolite mountain. Asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma – a deadly disease – have led to hundreds of deaths and many residents with scarred and damaged lungs.

Asbestos exposure and COVID-19 threats

Now coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the ensuing pandemic, has left Libby with additional medical worries. COVID-19 is especially dangerous for older people and those with lung or heart conditions, severe obesity, diabetes, and weakened immune systems. Today, 1 in 10 residents are diagnosed with some form of asbestos disease. Since generations of residents lived with the horror of asbestos exposure, this new threat is just one more blow.

Deception leads to distrust

National Public Radio (NPR) reports trusting authorities can be difficult for some individuals who lived through deceptions about asbestos – not knowing that the mines and piles of mine waste that abounded in the area were toxic to them. But W.R. Grace and Company knew and kept it secret for decades. Eventually the EPA came in during the 1990s, helped clean up the town and made the former mine a super fund site. 

Turning to today, COVID-19 is a potentially deadly virus.  Local, state and federal health officials warn that masks should be worn and contacts limited.  But as NPR reports, mistrust in state and local authorities from their initial handling of asbestos disease issues from the mines makes it difficult for some in Libby to know what to do with the new silent health threat posed by COVID-19.  Some just want to get back to work and to their lives. This area of Montana is beautiful – leading the town to rely on the visits of tourists. Yet, tourists could bring more of this new health threat into their town. This conundrum leads to varying opinions among residents on how to protect while keeping livelihoods.

Asbestos, Quebec Has A New Name

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Asbestos, Quebec has a new name after an emotional search for a new name to replace the one that once proclaimed the town’s pride as a well-known global exporter of asbestos.

The name discussion began

After years as a global supplier of asbestos from the nearby Jeffrey Mine, there was a suggestion in 2006 that a name change would benefit the town. This was rejected by many. Asbestos produced livelihoods for the community for 141 years. Even with it’s tarnished reputation as a deadly mineral, it continued its emotional attachment to many in the town. Generations worked the mine and it brought prosperity to Asbestos, Quebec.

The name discussion continued

The Jeffrey Mine closed in 2011. That made it necessary to bring in new businesses, but few were willing to attach their names to a town called Asbestos. For decades it was known that asbestos, while it had many good qualities, had negatives that were far grimmer. Exposure to asbestos can bring about lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma – a disease that can take decades to diagnose, but can kill within a year to five years. Patients rarely live any longer. Residents of Asbestos experienced the ravages of this disease, so were aware of the price paid for the years of prosperity.

With the facts undeniable, the mayor once again brought up a name change in 2019. While the emotions were still there, with many against a change, four potential names were presented to the citizens. None of these was a clear winner, so eventually six names were submitted for a vote. Residents 14 years and older were eligible.

Asbestos, Quebec has a new name

On October 19, after three rounds of voting, Val-des-Sources won with 51% of the vote. Translated, the name means “Valley of the Springs.” Nearly half the eligible population voted, 3,000 residents in all.

Huges Grimard, mayor, said, “I know that changing the name is a very emotional subject — for us, too — since the beginning. But to have all the citizens who came out to vote, that tells me that we succeeded in winning over the population, and that makes me very proud.”

Asbestos, Quebec: In Search of a New Name, or Is It?

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Asbestos, Quebec, Canada – In search of a new name to replace the one that once proclaimed the town’s pride as a well-known global exporter of asbestos. For 141 years, since the opening of the Jeffrey Mine in 1879, the town based its identity on asbestos. By the 1970s and 1980s, this fame began turning against the town. The dangers of asbestos became known, leading to problems enticing businesses to relocate to Asbestos. Fewer tourists wanted to visit for a tour of the mine.

In search of a new name for Asbestos, Quebec?

In 2006, changing the name of the town was first suggested to the citizens. The idea was rejected by many since memories of the good days were still fresh. But, in 2019, the mayor said the town no longer had a choice. Companies did not want the name Asbestos associated with them or their products. The mines closed in 2011, leaving an economic hole that needed filling.  

Finalists for the new name

Originally, a new name was scheduled for May of 2020, but the process has not gone smoothly. There are requirements for a name change, including:

• a reflection of the area or people,

• it must be in French,

• it cannot be the name of a saint or other person.

Hundreds of suggestions came in and, of those, the municipal council chose four. When the names were revealed, this town, with a population of 7,096, was not pleased. The names and associated complaints:

Apalone – a local species of turtle

A common comment stated there is no pride in living in a soft turtle city.

Jeffrey – for W.H. Jeffrey, the namesake of the Jeffrey asbestos mine

Critics say this still ties the town to asbestos and the leaders indirectly tied to the deaths of many workers. One requirement stated no names of persons.

Phénix – the mythical bird who arose from flames to begin anew

This has no connection to local history.

Trois-Lacs –  a local lake

While the name sounds inviting, it is known as one of the worst lakes in Quebec.

The voting

The mayor, Hugues Grimard, issued a statement, “I am very happy with the approach we have adopted throughout the process and especially with the involvement of our population. I invite our citizens to come and vote in large numbers!”

However, on September 16, the general manager for Asbestos, Quebec, Georges-Andre Gagne, tried to quell the conflict saying, ”some people have expressed their disagreement with the names proposed” and called for a constructive and respectful debate.

The strife is such that some citizens want to keep the name Asbestos, even though it is the name of a toxic and sometimes deadly mineral. Asbestos can cause lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma – a deadly form of cancer.

One citizen, Alexandre Cote, wrote on Facebook, “Honestly, it’s a setup to get Trois-Lacs! The rest of the names are really awful.” His comment joined the many who just said, “ridiculous!!”

The search of a new name will hopefully be settled when voted on between October 14 and 18 by citizens over 14.